Kiefer is a town in Creek County, Oklahoma, located just south of Tulsa in the state's northeast. Its story is closely tied to the early Oklahoma oil industry. The discovery of the Glenn Pool oil field in 1905 touched off a regional boom that helped propel Oklahoma into becoming the nation's leading oil producer, and Kiefer grew rapidly as a result. The town's first federal census in 1910 counted nearly 1,200 residents, and its population peaked at 1,663 in 1920 as workers and businesses flocked to the oil fields. The boom did not last. As oil production declined during the Great Depression, so did Kiefer, with its population falling to about 600 by 1930 and remaining modest for decades afterward. The town held on through the twentieth century, supporting its local school system and maintaining a small-town identity even as the oil economy receded. By the turn of the twenty-first century, Kiefer had about 1,000 residents, and the town continued to operate its own prekindergarten-through-twelfth-grade schools. More recently, Kiefer has reinvented itself as a residential community within the Tulsa metropolitan area. Its population rebounded to 2,187 by the 2020 census, and the town now functions largely as a commuter suburb, with the great majority of its workers traveling to jobs elsewhere, chiefly in Tulsa. That transformation has brought new housing and renewed growth while preserving Kiefer's small scale and its own school district. For residents, Kiefer offers a quiet, affordable, family-oriented setting with convenient access to Tulsa's employment and amenities, a modern chapter in a community whose roots run deep in Oklahoma's oil heritage.